A recent Pentagon report submitted to the US Congress has highlighted China’s expanding role as a major global arms supplier, identifying Pakistan as its most important partner in the field of combat aviation. The report underscores how China has steadily increased its defence exports, particularly to countries seeking cost-effective yet capable military platforms.
According to the assessment, Pakistan stands out as the only country to have received China’s advanced J-10C fighter jets. So far, 20 of the 36 aircraft ordered by the Pakistan Air Force have been delivered, significantly enhancing Pakistan’s aerial combat capabilities. The report notes that the induction of the J-10C reflects a deep level of trust and long-term strategic alignment between the two countries.
The Pentagon document also highlights the JF-17 Thunder as a flagship example of successful defence collaboration. Jointly developed by China and Pakistan, the multi-role fighter aircraft has become a cornerstone of Pakistan’s air force and has also been exported to other countries, showcasing the viability of co-development models in the global defence market.
Beyond fighter jets, the report points to China’s supply of advanced drones, naval vessels, and other military systems to Pakistan. These transfers demonstrate a broad-based defence relationship that goes beyond simple arms sales, focusing instead on joint development, technology sharing, and flexible cooperation arrangements.
Overall, the report portrays the China–Pakistan defence partnership as a long-term strategic alliance built on affordability, interoperability, and shared security interests, with Pakistan playing a central role in China’s growing footprint in the global arms industry.
